Nestled just 9 kilometres from Ölüdeniz, Gemiler Island is a stunning blend of history and natural beauty. With ancient ruins, breathtaking coastal views, and crystal-clear waters, it’s a must-visit for history lovers, nature enthusiasts, and adventure seekers alike.
Where is Gemiler Island and How to Get There?
Gemiler Island is located south of Fethiye, near the famous Ölüdeniz Lagoon. Approximately 9 km from Fethiye, the island is accessible via boat tours or private boats. Measuring just 1 km in length and 400 metres in width, the island features steep cliffs on its southern side and a more gradual slope to the north, creating a dramatic yet inviting landscape.
The History of Gemiler Island: From Ancient Smybola to Aya Nikola
During the Middle Ages, Gemiler Island was known as Smybola. By the 5th century AD, it became a key religious settlement. The island is also called Aya Nikola Island, named after a church at its highest point, dedicated to St. Nicholas.
Although St. Nicholas, the figure behind Santa Claus, is most associated with Myra (Demre), some historical records suggest that another important Nicholas may have lived here. However, his identity remains a mystery.
Archaeological Excavations and Mysterious Ruins
Gemiler Island has been a focus of archaeological research for decades. Studies began with a Japanese archaeological team in 1990 and continued with excavations led by Osaka University and the Fethiye Museum Directorate between 1995 and 2003. These efforts revealed an extensive settlement, including:
• 11 basilica-style churches
• Numerous chapels, houses, storage areas, tombs, and cisterns
• A vaulted road spanning 160 metres between two churches, believed to represent the 17 Stations of the Cross, symbolising Christ’s journey to crucifixion
Although some structures feature cut stone, most religious buildings were constructed from local stone, with traces of frescoes and mosaic flooring—many of which have unfortunately deteriorated over time.
A long wall separates religious structures on the upper part of the island from the civil and commercial buildings below. This suggests that the upper section was a sacred area reserved for religious figures.
Nearby Karacaören Island, just 150 metres away, has a chimney-like structure that was likely used for smoke signalling. This would have warned Gemiler Island and Kayaköy of possible attacks, highlighting the island’s strategic importance.
A Centre for Pilgrimage and Trade
The large number of churches and chapels in the area suggests that this was once a major pilgrimage site. Between the 5th and 7th centuries, pilgrims travelling by sea from Western Asia to the Aegean and Mediterranean likely stopped here.
During the Byzantine period, Gemile Island also played a role in maritime trade between the Near East and Europe.
Daily Life on the Island
Gemiler Island wasn’t just a religious centre—it was also home to many people. Due to its rocky terrain, houses and churches were often carved directly into the rock.
Some ruins are now submerged underwater, believed to be the result of earthquakes in 240–241 AD. You can still spot them at a depth of about two metres.
The Legend of St. Nicholas and Santa Claus
The name Aya Nikola, associated with Gemiler Island, hints at a possible connection to St. Nicholas. While the famous Santa Claus figure is most commonly linked to Myra (Demre) in Lycia, some theories suggest that an influential Nicholas once resided on the island. However, no definitive historical evidence confirms whether this St. Nicholas was the same as the bishop of Myra or another religious figure of the time.
Regardless, St. Nicholas remains an important figure in Christianity, particularly as the patron saint of children, merchants, and sailors.
Things to Do on Gemiler Island
Today, Gemiler Island is a popular destination for daily boat tours, offering a mix of history, nature, and relaxation. Visitors can:
• Explore the ruins of five ancient churches
• Walk through the historic tunnel connecting two churches
• Swim in the crystal-clear turquoise waters
• Enjoy the panoramic views of the Fethiye coastline
• Experience an unforgettable night on a boat anchored in Gemiler Bay
Whether you’re tracing the footsteps of ancient pilgrims, marvelling at Byzantine ruins, or relaxing in turquoise waters, Gemiler Island is an unforgettable destination.
With its rich history, stunning scenery, and peaceful atmosphere, it’s the perfect place to step back in time while enjoying the beauty of the Mediterranean.
Source: Fethiye TV
